Practical Applications of Permutation Tests

As research during the past sixty-five years has amply demonstrated, permutation tests should be used to do all of the following: 1. Make a multivariate comparison of population means. 2. Analyze the one-way layout. 3. Compare variances. 4. Analyze cross-over designs. 5. Analyze contingency tables. For permutation tests are exact, distribution free, and most powerful when the observations are exchangeable. We consider their application to such disparate fields as archeology, microarrays, and quality control.